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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク History of marine biology ： ウィキペディア英語版 History of marine biology Marine biology is a hybrid subject that combines aspects of organismal function, ecological interaction and the study of marine biodiversity.〔Levinton, Jeffrey S.. Marine biology: function, biodiversity, ecology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. p.3〕 The earliest studies of marine biology can be traced back to the Phoenicians and the Greeks who are known as the initial explorers of the oceans and their composition.〔("History of the Study of Marine Biology" ) MarineBio Conservation Society. Retrieved: April 7, 2014.〕 However, it was Aristotle (384-322 BC) who was the first to record any observations about marine organisms as he recorded his observations on the distribution and habits of marine life.〔Levinton, Jeffrey S.. Marine biology: function, biodiversity, ecology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. p.4〕 The observations made in the first studies of marine biology fueled the age of discovery and exploration that followed. During this time, a vast amount of knowledge was gained about the life that exists in the oceans of the world. Many individuals contributed significantly to this pool of knowledge. Among some of the most significant are Captain James Cook (1728-1779), Charles Darwin (1809-1882) and Wyville Thomson(1830-1882).〔Ward (1974) p.161〕 These individuals took part in some of the most well-known expeditions of all time and made extremely important contributions to the field of marine biology.〔Gage & Tyler (1991) p.1〕 This era was extremely important for the history of marine biology but naturalists were still limited in their studies simply because they lacked certain technology that would allow them to accurately examine the species that lurked the deep parts of the oceans. The creation of marine labs was important because marine scientists now had places to conduct research and process their specimens from expeditions. There were also many technological advances that further enhanced the study of marine biology and expanded our knowledge of the sea. For example, sound navigation ranging, scuba diving gear, submersibles and remotely operated vehicles, to name a few, are some of the more impactful technologies in marine biology which allowed naturalists to explore depths of the oceans that people once thought never existed.〔Levinton, Jeffrey S.. Marine biology: function, biodiversity, ecology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. p.7-8〕 == Early exploration of the deep sea == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of marine biology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.